Ventilation system
Working documentation: from 22 days
Price from 50000 roubles
Insufficient air exchange in the office reduces the productivity of employees, excessive air circulation in the production workshop creates drafts and excessive heat consumption, and the noise of the ventilation unit in excess of what is permissible according to SP 51.13330.2011 leads to a violation of sanitary standards - all this is a consequence of designing ventilation without full aerodynamic and acoustic calculations. AYU-Project develops design documentation and working documentation for ventilation systems (SVI) for objects of any function and complexity: we design supply, exhaust and supply and exhaust systems with heat recovery, perform aerodynamic calculations according to SP 60.13330.2020, heat balance of premises and selection of equipment. Approval SRO, standards compliance review according to current editions of standards, fixed contract price and free edits based on comments from state and independent expert reviewers.
What is included in the design of a ventilation system?
Design SVI covers stages design documentation and working documentation as part of subsection IOS 5.4 “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, heating networks” according to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 87 dated 16.02.2008 (rev. 2023). At the DD stage, technical solutions are justified and systems undergo examination; at stage WD are detailed to a level sufficient for work and commissioning.
Design documentation stage includes:
- Explanatory note with justification of the selected ventilation systems, parameters of internal and external air, calculation of the air exchange rate according to SP 60.13330.2020 And SanPiN 1.2.3685-21
- Thermal engineering calculation: heat balance of premises in cold and warm periods of the year, determination of the power of air heaters and coolers
- Aerodynamic calculation with determination of air flow rates for each room, pressure losses in air duct sections and selection of fans
- Acoustic calculation according to SP 51.13330.2011: determination of design noise levels of ventilation equipment, required reduction and type of silencers
- Schematic diagrams of systems P (supply), B (exhaust), PV (supply and exhaust) with flow rates and pressures
- Room plans with routing of air ducts in M 1:200, layout diagrams of ventilation units
- Energy efficiency section: rationale for the use of heat recovery, comparison of KPD recuperators of various types
- Tasks for related sections: KR (loads from ventilation units and air ducts), EL (power of electric motors, reliability category), AS/AD (control by signals ASUZ/ASCS or AFAS)
The WD Stage Includes:
- Working drawings of air duct routes on plans M 1:50, axonometric diagrams of all P and V systems
- Equipment specifications: air handling units, duct fans, roof fans, air distributors, silencers, fire dampers KPU/KPZ, control valves
- Mounting units for passage of air ducts through walls and ceilings, units for anti-vibration mounting of units
- Automation and dispatch schemes SVI: control algorithms for air supply units, signal tables for ASUZ/ASCS or SCADA
- Bills of quantities, summary statements of air ducts broken down by section and material
- Programs and methods of commissioning works (PW) for ventilation systems
Comparison of stages design documentation and working documentation for ventilation systems
| Parameter | Design documentation stage | Working Documentation Stage (WD) |
|---|---|---|
| Goal | Justification of decisions, passing of examination | Work execution, installation, commissioning |
| Drawing scale | M 1:200, circuit diagrams | M 1:50, axonometry, mounting units |
| Calculations | Air exchange rate, heat balance, selection of equipment types | Aerodynamic calculation of all sections, acoustic calculation of noise suppressors |
| Equipment | Class, type, total power | Specific brands, articles, specifications |
| Automation | Principal control algorithms | Complete automation circuits, signal tables, commissioning |
| Related Sections | Tasks in KR, EL, AS | Wiring diagrams with EL, interlocks with AFAS/ASUZ/ASCS |
| Result | Positive Expert Review Opinion | As-built documentation for commissioning the facility |
What types of ventilation systems does AYU-Project design?
According to their functional purpose, all SVI systems are divided into three basic types: supply (P), exhaust (V) and supply and exhaust (PV). Within each type, technical solutions are determined by the function of the object, air quality requirements, thermal conditions and standard air exchange rates.
AYU-Project designs the following types of systems:
- Supply systems (P) - mechanical supply of outside air with filtration, heating, and, if necessary, cooling and humidification; used in residential buildings, offices, trading floors, production workshops
- Exhaust systems (B) - mechanical removal of polluted air from bathrooms, kitchens, warehouses, parking lots; can be general exchange or local (local suction from technological equipment)
- Supply and exhaust systems with heat recovery (PV-R) - central supply and exhaust units with plate, rotary or recovery heat exchangers; KPD heat recovery up to 85%; mandatory for energy efficiency class A and A+ facilities
- Supply and exhaust systems without recovery - used in industrial buildings with high heat and moisture release, where recovery is impractical due to contamination of the exhaust air
- Emergency ventilation systems - provide a standard air exchange rate of at least 8 volumes/h (according to SP 60.13330.2020) in case of emergency releases of harmful substances or gases at production facilities
- Local exhaust ventilation (MVV) - umbrella and built-in shelters, side suction, fume hoods for production and laboratory facilities; are calculated taking into account the hazard class of the substance according to GOST 12.1.005-88
For which facilities does AYU-Project design ventilation systems?
Requirements for ventilation systems differ fundamentally depending on the function of the building: standard air exchange for residential premises is determined by SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 And SP 54.13330.2022, for offices - at the rate of at least 60 m³/h per person, for industrial premises - according to the class of emitted hazards and the removal rate.
Design specifics by type of object:
- Multi-Apartment Residential Buildings (MCD): apartment and centralized exhaust systems from kitchens and bathrooms, organized inflow through window and wall valves or mechanical air supply units; for buildings higher than 75 m - according to individual technical specifications
- Office and administrative buildings: central air handling units with recovery, zoning by VAV systems with variable air flow by zone, integration with ASUZ/ASCS
- Shopping centers and shopping mall: separate systems for trading floors (multiplicity according to the number of visitors), food establishments (at least 100 m³/h per place according to SP 118.13330.2022), technical and storage facilities
- Industrial buildings of categories A-D: calculation of air exchange for assimilation of harmful substances (heat, moisture, dust, gases), emergency ventilation, local suction from process equipment; rationing according to GOST 12.1.005-88 And GN 2.2.5.3532-18
- Medical institutions: laminar ceilings and individual systems for operating rooms, additional filtration stages of classes F7-H14, requirements for SanPiN 2.1.3678-20
- Laboratory and clean rooms: ventilation with maintenance of pressure relative to adjacent rooms (excessive or reduced), classification by GOST ISO 14644-1-2017
How are aerodynamic and acoustic calculations of ventilation performed?
Aerodynamic calculation is the key engineering document of SVI: it determines the cross-section of air ducts, air speed and pressure loss in each section, which directly determines the characteristics of the fan. Without correct aerodynamic calculations, ventilation systems either do not provide standard air exchange or operate with excessive noise and energy consumption.
AYU-Project performs calculations in the following sequence and using the specialized software:
- Determination of design air exchanges for each room: by multiplicity (standard values from SP 60.13330.2020 and profile SP for each type of object), according to the sanitary standard per person or for the assimilation of harmful emissions
- Aerodynamic calculation of the air duct network: selection of sections based on standard speed conditions (1,5-8 m/s depending on the area and type of object), calculation of pressure losses due to friction and local resistance; determining the required fan pressure
- Thermal calculation: determination of the heater power of the air supply unit for the cold period of the year according to the calculated parameters of the outside air according to SP 131.13330.2020; calculation of recovery with determination of KPD and thermal energy savings
- Acoustic calculation according to SP 51.13330.2011 (updated edition SNiP 23-03-2003): determination of octave levels of fan sound power, noise attenuation in air ducts and rooms, selection of noise suppressors with calculation of the required level reduction
- Air distribution calculation: selection of air distributors (grills, diffusers, nozzles) based on standard speeds in the work area (no more than 0,5 m/s for offices according to GOST 30494-2011) and absence of drafts
For complex objects, AYU-Project uses the MagiCAD software package in conjunction with Revit, which allows you to perform aerodynamic calculations directly from the BIM model and automatically generate axonometric diagrams and statements.
Typical mistakes in designing ventilation systems
Most complaints about ventilation in constructed buildings - noise, drafts, odors from neighboring rooms, overheating in winter - are laid down at the design stage. AYU-Project systematically eliminates typical errors due to mandatory standards compliance review and double checking of calculations.
- Reducing air flow due to incorrect application of multiplicities without taking into account excess heat and the number of people - leads to violation SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 by CO₂ content and stuffiness
- Ignoring air-heat balance - imbalance of supply and exhaust leads to air leaks through doors and floors, and the spread of odors between rooms
- Incorrect selection of air duct sections - high speeds in highway sections (over 8-10 m/s) create noise above the norm, which cannot be compensated for by noise suppressors
- Lack of acoustic calculation or its simplification - in residential buildings, the noise level from ventilation should not exceed 30 dBA at night SanPiN 1.2.3685-21; Silencers are selected “by eye” without calculations
- Application of a single system for zones with different modes - combining exhaust hoods from bathrooms, kitchens and living rooms into one system without check valves leads to leaks of polluted air
- Inconsistency with the facade and architectural solutions - air intake and air exhaust grilles placed without BIM coordination may fall under window openings or violate fire safety distances
Integration of ventilation systems with building engineering systems
The ventilation system directly interacts with heating, air conditioning, smoke ventilation, fire alarm and building automation systems. AYU-Project designs these integrations with the issuance of joint tasks to adjacent sections already at the DD stage.
Automation and ASUZ/ASCS
Control of supply and exhaust units includes cascade control using CO₂ sensors (VAV systems), maintaining the supply air temperature based on outside air, and controlling a heat exchanger with bypass in the summer. AYU-Project develops control algorithms, tables of input and output signals ASUZ/ASCS and tasks for the automation section (ATKh) for each SVI circuit.
Integration with smoke ventilation and AFAS
In case of fire, general ventilation must be immediately turned off by signal AFAS - this is a requirement SP 7.13130.2013. AYU-Project designs fire protection normally open (NOPK) and normally closed dampers (NZPK) in air ducts as a single complex SVI and SCS, with algorithms for blocking and restoring operation after an alarm.
Why choose AYU-Project for designing ventilation systems?
AYU-Project combines full calculation tools - aerodynamics, acoustics, thermal balance - with design experience for residential buildings, shopping centers, industrial facilities and medical institutions; this allows you to achieve compliance with standards from the first iteration of the DD.
Specific benefits:
- SRO Design Authorization capital construction projects, including particularly dangerous and technically complex ones
- Complete calculation set: aerodynamic calculation, thermal balance and acoustic calculation are included as standard DD - no additional charge
- BIM design in Revit and MagiCAD: coordination of SVI air ducts with adjacent sections KR, VK, EO eliminates collisions during installation
- Fixed price contracts: the cost does not change during the development process
- Free Revisions in Response to Expert Review Comments: adjustments DD based on the results of the expert opinion are included in the contract price
- Experience Across Projects of Various Scales: from ventilation of apartments and individual premises to centralized systems of shopping centers with an area of 30 000+ m² and industrial buildings with process exhaust systems
What standards govern the design of ventilation systems?
The design of SVI is regulated by a set of federal codes of regulations, sanitary norms and national standards. All documents are applied in the current version as of the date of development of the DD.
Current list of regulatory documents:
- Federal Law No. 384-FZ “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures” from 30.12.2009 (as amended) - establishes general requirements for engineering systems of buildings, including ventilation and microclimate systems
- SP 60.13330.2020 “Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning” (updated edition of SNiP 41-01-2003, with Amendments No. 1-4) - the main document regulating the design of ventilation systems: air parameters, air exchange rates, requirements for equipment and air ducts
- SP 131.13330.2020 “Construction Climatology” (updated edition of SNiP 23-01-99*) - parameters of outdoor air for calculating thermal power and operating modes of ventilation systems
- SP 51.13330.2011 “Noise protection” (updated edition of SNiP 23-03-2003) - standard noise levels and methods of acoustic calculation of ventilation and air conditioning systems
- GOST 30494-2011 “Residential and Public Buildings. Indoor Microclimate Parameters” - standardized parameters of temperature, relative humidity and air speed in the serviced area of the premises
- SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 “Hygienic standards and requirements for ensuring the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors to humans” - standard values for air exchange, CO₂ content, noise for residential, public and industrial buildings
- GOST 12.1.005-88 “General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air in the working area” - maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances in the air of the working area of industrial premises, determining the estimated exhaust hood costs
- SP 54.13330.2022 “Residential multi-apartment buildings” - special requirements for ventilation apartment building: specific exhaust flow rates from kitchens, bathrooms, standards for natural and mechanical ventilation
- SP 118.13330.2022 “Public buildings and structures” - air exchange standards for catering establishments, trading floors, auditoriums, hotels
- Government Decree of the Russian Federation No. 87 dated 16.02.2008 (ed. 2023) - composition and requirements for the content of subsection IOS 5.4 DD (HVAC) for Government Decree of the Russian Federation No. 87
Cost and timing of designing ventilation systems
The cost and development time of design documentation and working documentation by SVI are determined by factors specific to ventilation systems:
- Object type and function - the regulatory framework for a residential building, a medical facility, a production workshop and shopping mall is fundamentally different; medicine and manufacturing require an expanded crew
- Number of systems and service areas - each separate system P or V with aerodynamic calculation and axonometric diagram increases the labor intensity WD
- Availability of heat recovery - calculation of energy efficiency, selection of the type of recuperator and seasonal control algorithm add the volume of DD
- The need for acoustic calculations - mandatory for residential, hotel, office and medical facilities; significantly influences the selection of noise suppressors and air duct cross-sections
- Availability of local exhaust from process equipment - production facilities with individual suction systems require calculations for each workplace
- Design stage - only DD, only WD or combined development DD+WD
Approximate calculation - through the online calculator on the website.
To prepare an accurate commercial proposal, the application must indicate: the type and purpose of the facility, the number of floors and total area of ventilated premises, the approximate number of P and V systems, the presence of a technological or production process with the release of hazardous substances, the design stage (DD, WD or DD+WD). The initial consultation is free, and we work remotely across Russia.
How to order the design of a ventilation system in AYU-Project?
- Application Submission
Fill out the form on the website or send a request by e-mail indicating the type of object and area of ventilated premises. If you have architectural plans or technical specifications, please attach them: this will speed up the preparation of a commercial proposal. - Initial consultation
Engineer AYU-Project clarifies the function of the object, the presence of specific requirements (clean rooms, industrial hazards, medical standards), the planned equipment and the design stage. Consultation is free. - Preparation of a commercial proposal
AYU-Project forms CP with a fixed price, the composition of design documentation sections and/or WD, a list of calculations and deadlines for each stage. - Conclusion of an agreement
The contract fixes the price, terms, composition of documentation and the condition of free edits based on the expert’s comments. Advance - only after signing the contract. - Collection of Source Data
AYU-Project generates a checklist of initial data for the OV (SVI) section: architectural and construction part, technologist’s tasks (for production facilities), climatic data for SP 131.13330.2020, Specifications of equipment suppliers if there are client preferences. - Development of DD and/or WD
AYU-Project engineers perform calculations of air exchanges, aerodynamics, heat balance and acoustics, assemble systems in BIM, and coordinate technical solutions with the customer step by step. Interim versions are provided for review. - Expert Review Support and Documentation Delivery
AYU-Project responds to the expert’s comments on the environmental protection section without additional payment, makes adjustments and submits the final set of work documentation for work and commissioning.
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How We Work
Frequently Asked Questions
For most capital construction projects, the OV project undergoes state or independent expert review, including verification of compliance with SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. Separate approval from Rospotrebnadzor is required for medical institutions, food industry facilities and preschool educational organizations - in these cases, AYU-Project provides support under the contract.
Yes. AYU-Project performs aerodynamic calculations as a separate service, for example, to check an existing third-party project, select replacement equipment, or verify PNR calculations. The result is provided in the form of a calculation note with axonometric diagrams.
For production facilities, acoustic calculations according to SP 51.13330.2011 are mandatory in terms of limiting noise in the workplace - standardized values are established by SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 depending on the nature of work. The noise from ventilation equipment is added to the noise from technological machines, so the calculation is performed in conjunction with the technological section.
Directly. According to Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 18 dated 25.01.2011 and its subsequent editions, the indicator of specific heat energy consumption for heating and ventilation needs is one of the key indicators for assigning a class. AYU-Project calculates the contribution of SVI to specific consumption and, if necessary, optimizes the recovery or control system to improve the class.
Plate heat exchangers are easier to maintain and do not allow leaks between the supply and exhaust flows - they are used in medical institutions and clean rooms. Rotary ones provide higher efficiency (up to 85%) and are used in residential and office buildings in the absence of requirements for tightness of flow separation. The choice is fixed in the DD with justification based on the results of the recovery calculation.
VAF is a variable air flow system in which the performance of each air distributor is controlled by a signal from a CO₂ sensor or zone temperature. Used in office and public buildings with uneven room loads: saves from 20 to 40% of electricity compared to systems with constant air flow. AYU-Project designs HRV systems with integration into an automated building management system (ABMS)/automated supervisory control system (ASCS).
Only after inspection: it is necessary to determine the actual cross-section of the shafts, the presence of contamination, the condition of the material and the ability to ensure standard air flow rates. If the mine's capacity is insufficient, AYU-Project designs additional systems or reconstruction of existing channels.
Yes, if the facility is part of a capital construction building. The OV section of the PD is mandatory for any facility undergoing expert review. For facilities that do not require an expert review (for example, premises for rent with cosmetic repairs), an RD without a PD stage is sufficient - AYU-Project prepares such a kit separately.
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